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According to the report, the contemporary separatist movements are one of the most dangerous threats to Russian national security and territorial integrity. This is particularly the case in the North Caucasus, where separatist forces often act under the guise of ethnic or religious movements. Although the Russian federal authorities attempt to fight separatism by political means, in Dagestan and Chechnya, they resorted to the use of force in 1999 to defeat the Chechen-led armed rebellion. By the end of the year, the federal forces had re-established their control over most parts of Chechnya lost in the previous war, in 1994–96, but failed to achieve a decisive military victory over the separatists. Nor was there any political resolution of the conflict. The report also stated that Siberian regional separatism is also actively developing near Russia. It is based on Siberian Russians as a distinct nation suppressed by the federal center and the European part of the Russian Federation.