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A large international study has shown that memory loss as we age is not caused by a single part of the brain or a single gene. Instead, structural changes that occur widely throughout the brain gradually build up and affect memory ability. The researchers analyzed thousands of MRI scans and memory tests of healthy adults and found that memory loss increases as brain tissue shrinks, especially in later years. While the hippocampus plays a key role, many other brain regions also contribute, suggesting that the impairment is due to a broad network of changes rather than damage to a single area.